1993年,金斯伯格被提名进入最高法院,有人给她发了一份传真,称她法学院的一位老同学在扶轮社(rotaryclub)的会议上说,法学院班里的男同学通常以她的外号“悍妇”(bitch)来称呼她。回顾她一路走来的历程,从在哈佛法学院被男生嘲弄,到步入这个国家的最高法院,金斯伯格回应道,“被人叫‘悍妇’,总要好过‘胆小鬼’”。
williampeacock,“fridayfrills:thejabot(orneckdoily),”ifindlawsupremecourt/i,february7,2014,http:/supreme_court/2014/02/friday-frills-the-jabot-or-neck-
518u.s.515(1996),http:rg/cases/1990-1999/1995/1995_94_1941.
美国公民自由联盟(americancivillibertiesunion,简称aclu),是一个美国的大型非营利性组织,总部设于纽约市,其目的是“捍卫和维护美国宪法和其他法律赋予的、这个国度里每个公民享有的个人的权利和自由”。联盟透过诉讼、推动立法以及社区教育达到其目的。该联盟成立于1920年,现拥有超过50万会员和超过1亿美元的年度预算。——译者注
ninatotenberg,interviewwiththeauthor,september6,2013.ninatotenberg,introductiontoithelegacyofruthbaderginsburg/i,editedbyscottdodson(newyork:cambridgeuniversitypress,2015),p.18ofdraft;totenbergapparentlymeansjusticestevens,whowouldhavebeentheassigningjusticeifrehnquisthadvotedforvmi.stevenshasnomemoryoftheconversation(justicejohnpaulstevens,interviewwithauthor,july21,2014).rehnquistultimatelyconcurredwiththemajority,soitmayhavebeenjusticerehnquistwhomo’connorapproached.
lindagreenhouse,“fromthehighcourt,avoicequitedistinctlyawoman’s,”inewyorktimes/i,may26,1999;lyledenniston,“justice’scrusade:‘wethepeople’includeswomen—ginsburgledmilitary-schoolruling,”iseattletimes/i,june27,1996,http://community/archive/?date=19960627&slug=2336534.
贞洁舞会,是一种父亲和女儿参加的正式性的舞会。参加舞会的父亲承诺保证女儿的贞洁,直到结婚。用以维护年轻女孩心灵、身体和灵魂的纯洁。——译者注
gailcollins’sexcellenthistoryofthemodernwomen’smovementisiwheneverythingchanged:theamazingjourneyofamericanwomenfrom/i1960itothepresent/i(boston:little,brown,2009).
戈德华特(goldwater),主张重新蓄奴、实行种族隔离,极端的右翼政客。——译者注
aryehneier,interviewwiththeauthor,july8,2013.
mikesacks,“womensupremecourtjusticescelebrate30yearssincecourt’sfirstfemale,”ihuffingtonpost/i,april11,2012,http:/2012/04/11/supreme-court-women-justices_n_
justicejohnpaulstevens,interviewwiththeauthor,july21,2014.
“sandradayo’connor—member,”iraqstudygroupreport,futureofthebook,http:rg/iraqreport/sandra-day-oconnor;“o’connorisamemberoftheamericanbarassociation,thestatebarofarizona,thestatebarofcalifornia,themaricopacountybarassociation,thearizonajudges’association,thenationalassociationofwomenjudges,andthearizonawomenlawyers’association.”
alexisdetocqueville,democracyinamerica,chapter16,“causeswhichmitigatethetyrannyofthemajorityintheunitedstates,”http://xroaddu/~hyper/detoc/1_
robertaw.francis,“thehistorybehindtheequalrightsamendment,”equalrightsamendment(website),http:rg
joanbiskupic,isandradayo’connor:howthefirstwomanonthesupremecourtbecameitsmostinfluentialjustice/i(newyork:harperperennial,2006),4andprologue9.
harrietrabb,interviewwiththeauthor,october15,2013.
biskupic,sandradayo’connor,21.
勒尼德•汉德(1872—1961),生于纽约阿尔伯尼,毕业于哈佛大学法学院。从未在最高法院任职,却被认为是美国历史上最伟大的法官之一。最知名的成就是把经济分析的方法运用到侵权法之中。——译者注
sheldonm.novick,“whatmakesagreatjudge,hisreasoningorhisvision?”ilosangelestimes/i,april22,1994,http:/1994-05-22/books/bk-60553_1_learned-hand/2.
brianbaxter,“justiceo’connordingsgibsondunnonlettermanshow,”amlawdaily(blog),june24,2009,http:/amlawdaily/2009/06/oconnor-on-
irae.stoll,“ginsburgblastsharvardlaw;past,presentdeansdefendschool,”harvardcrimson,july23,1993,http:/article/1993/7/23/ginsburg-blasts-harvard-law-pin-testimony/.
biskupic,sandradayo’connor,34.
ibid.,119.
totenberginterview,september6,2013.
melwulf,interviewwiththeauthor,june20,2013.
ginsburg,lettertophilipkurland,march20,1975,ginsburgarchive,libraryofcongress,box16.
michaelmurphy,“conservativepioneerbecameanoutcast,”iarizonarepublic/i,may31,1998,http:/specials/special25/article
catherineho,“justiceginsburghappytonolongerbeconfusedwithsandradayo’connor,”iwashingtonpost/i,december17,2013,http:/business/capitalbusiness/justice-ginsburg-happy-to-no-longer-be-confused-with-sandra-day-oconnor/2013/12/17/d8ba9c5c-6731-11e3-a0b9-249bbb34602c_
lawrences.wrightsman,ioralargumentsbeforethesupremecourt:anempiricalapproach/i(newyork:oxforduniversitypress,2008),45.
一个公益组织的名字。扶轮社的定期聚会大多轮流在各社员的工作场所举办,因此便以“轮流”(rotary)命名。——译者注
在英文语境中,bitch这个词的含义极其丰富,不一定均指贬义。例如1984年,美国女性主义学者乔琳(joreen)发表了界定第二波女性主义运动中的“bitch”的《婊子宣言》(themanifesto)。金斯伯格在这里认可这个说法似乎有引以为荣的意思。这里翻译成“悍妇”并不能完全表达其英文含义。——译者注
jeffreyrosen,“thebookofruth,”ithenewrepublic/i,august2,1993,http:/article/politics/the-book-ruth.